Effectiveness of Time-Restricted Eating on Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v6i1.8975Keywords:
Glycemic Control, HbA1c, Randomized Controlled Trial, Time-Restricted Eating, Type 2 DiabetesAbstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a global health challenge due to hyperglycemia from insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, with poor glycemic control increasing complication risks. Traditional calorie-restricted diets often face adherence issues, prompting exploration of time-restricted eating (TRE). This systematic review without meta-analysis aimed to evaluate TRE's effectiveness on glycemic outcomes in T2DM adults from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP were searched (2015-2025) using keywords like "time-restricted eating" and "HbA1c." Ten RCTs met inclusion criteria (adults with T2DM, TRE <12-hour window, glycemic outcomes). Results showed HbA1c reductions of 0.3-1.54% in medium- to long-term trials, alongside improvements in fasting glucose, 24-hour glucose variability via continuous glucose monitoring, moderate weight loss (1.2-4%), high adherence, and safety comparable to calorie restriction. In conclusion, TRE offers a feasible, effective alternative for T2DM glycemic management, though larger standardized trials are needed.
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