Peran Defisiensi Vitamin D terhadap Risiko Preeklampsia: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v6i1.8967Keywords:
Kekurangan, Kehamilan, Preeklampsia, Suplementasi, Vitamin DAbstract
Preeklampsia merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal, sementara defisiensi vitamin D pada ibu hamil sangat tinggi, termasuk di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan meninjau peran defisiensi vitamin D terhadap risiko preeklampsia, mekanisme biologis yang mendasari, serta efektivitas suplementasi sebagai strategi pencegahan. Jenis penelitian adalah literature review naratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dari artikel di Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Scholar yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi populasi ibu hamil, pengukuran kadar 25(OH)D atau suplementasi vitamin D, dan luaran preeklampsia. Instrumen berupa lembar ekstraksi data terstruktur, dianalisis dengan teknik naratif-deskriptif yang memanfaatkan OR dan CI sebagai penguat interpretasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa defisiensi vitamin D konsisten terkait peningkatan risiko preeklampsia dan bahwa suplementasi dini menurunkan risiko secara bermakna. Kesimpulannya, vitamin D merupakan target intervensi penting untuk pencegahan preeklampsia dan perbaikan luaran kehamilan.
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