Analisis Bahan Kimia Obat Natrium Diklofenak dalam Jamu Pegal Linu di Daerah Sukoharjo

Abstract

Herbal medicine for aches and pains is widely used by the public because it is considered to be derived from natural ingredients and relatively safe. However, the practice of adding chemical drugs (BKO) to provide a quick effect, one of which is sodium diclofenac, which should not be present in herbal medicine. This study aims to identify the presence and determine the levels of sodium diclofenac in herbal medicine for aches and pains sold in Nguter Market, Sukoharjo Regency. The study was conducted descriptively and experimentally with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Samples in the form of powdered herbal medicine were taken using a purposive sampling technique. Qualitative identification was carried out through a color reaction test using KMnO₄ and the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method with sodium diclofenac as a reference standard. Samples that indicated positive were then analyzed quantitatively using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a C18 column and a methanol-aquadest (80:20) mobile phase. The results of the color reaction test showed that all samples gave positive results for the presence of BKO. The TLC test showed that several samples had Rf values ​​close to the sodium diclofenac standard. Quantitative analysis using HPLC showed that three samples contained sodium diclofenac with retention times close to the standard, ranging from 3.46 to 3.53 minutes. The sodium diclofenac levels detected in the samples were 4.41 mg/g, 3.57 mg/g, and 4.80 mg/g, respectively. These results confirm the presence of sodium diclofenac in herbal medicines for aches and pains sold at Nguter Market in Sukoharjo, thus failing to meet the safety requirements for traditional medicines.