Efektivitas Lokasi Klinik Pratama Terhadap Kebutuhan Penduduk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v6i1.7972Keywords:
aksesibilitas spasial, klinik pratama, SIG, pelayanan kesehatan, spatial equityAbstract
Pelayanan kesehatan memegang peran penting dalam menjamin pemerataan akses layanan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas lokasi klinik pratama di Kecamatan Nanggalo berdasarkan pola persebaran, jangkauan pelayanan, dan aksesibilitas spasial terhadap kebutuhan penduduk. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan analisis spasial berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Metode yang diterapkan meliputi nearest neighbor analysis untuk mengidentifikasi pola persebaran fasilitas, buffer analysis untuk menilai jangkauan pelayanan, serta network service area analysis untuk mengukur waktu tempuh melalui jaringan jalan. Hasil analisis kemudian dioverlay dengan data kepadatan penduduk guna mengevaluasi kesesuaian lokasi fasilitas terhadap kebutuhan pelayanan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola persebaran klinik pratama bersifat acak dan belum mencerminkan perencanaan spasial yang optimal. Jangkauan pelayanan secara spasial tergolong luas, namun ditemukan tumpang tindih area layanan di wilayah tertentu yang mengindikasikan inefisiensi distribusi fasilitas. Analisis aksesibilitas memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar wilayah permukiman dapat dijangkau dalam waktu tempuh singkat, menandakan aksesibilitas fisik yang baik. Meskipun demikian, integrasi ketiga analisis menunjukkan adanya ketimpangan beban pelayanan antar klinik akibat ketidaksesuaian antara lokasi fasilitas dan konsentrasi penduduk. Dengan demikian, efektivitas lokasi klinik pratama di Kecamatan Nanggalo belum sepenuhnya proporsional terhadap kebutuhan penduduk. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi analisis spasial dan kebutuhan populasi dalam perencanaan fasilitas kesehatan guna mewujudkan pemerataan dan keadilan spasial pelayanan Kesehatan.
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