Analisis Keberlanjutan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Skala Kecil (Kasus di Kecamatan Cigugur Kabupaten Kuningan)

Abstract

Small-scale dairy farming plays a strategic role in supporting national milk supply; however, its sustainability continues to face various challenges, particularly related to farm scale, productivity, and resource management. This study aims to assess the sustainability status of small-scale dairy farming enterprises and to identify key factors influencing their sustainability in Cigugur District, Kuningan Regency. The study employed a survey method with a quantitative approach involving 30 small-scale dairy farmers selected through random sampling. Sustainability analysis was conducted using a Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach with a modified Rapfish software, encompassing five sustainability dimensions: ecological, economic, social, technological, and institutional. Leverage analysis was applied to identify the most sensitive attributes affecting the sustainability index.The results indicate that, from a multidimensional perspective, most small-scale dairy farming enterprises fall into the less sustainable category. The ecological, economic, and technological dimensions are predominantly classified as less sustainable, while the social and institutional dimensions are categorized as moderately sustainable. Leverage analysis reveals that key sustainability factors in the ecological dimension include forage land availability, farm location, and ownership of agricultural land. In the economic dimension, dominant factors consist of family labor availability, household dependency ratio, and milk price. Social sustainability is mainly influenced by the presence of off-farm employment, farmers’ level of cosmopolitanism, and participation in social activities. Meanwhile, the technological dimension is primarily affected by the adoption of biogas technology, availability of transportation facilities, and the use of milk cans, whereas the institutional dimension is strongly influenced by the roles of farmer groups, cooperatives, and extension services.