Tinjauan Literatur dan Analisis Bibliometrik Prinsip-prinsip Perdagangan Maritim: Perkembangan Ekonomi Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i2.703Keywords:
Perdagangan maritim, ekonomi global, digitalisasi, keberlanjutan, infrastruktur pelabuhanAbstract
Perdagangan maritim merupakan pilar utama ekonomi global, dengan lebih dari 90% perdagangan internasional dilakukan melalui jalur laut. Industri ini menghadapi tantangan seperti digitalisasi, keberlanjutan, dan perubahan geopolitik, sementara menawarkan peluang untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari prinsip-prinsip perdagangan maritim dan dampak terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi global, menyelidiki hubungan antara pertumbuhan ekonomi global dan perdagangan maritim, serta untuk menemukan elemen yang mempengaruhi efisiensi dan keberlanjutan pada berbagai sektor. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis bibliometrik dan tinjauan literatur sistematis berdasarkan pendekatan PRISMA. Kata kunci seperti perdagangan maritim, ekonomi global, dan jaringan maritim digunakan untuk menganalisis 25 jurnal yang dipilih. VOSviewer digunakan untuk mengolah data untuk memetakan tren penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pemerintah, investasi dalam infrastruktur pelabuhan, dan digitalisasi mendorong perdagangan maritim menjadi lebih efisien. Selain itu, masalah keberlanjutan seperti dekarbonisasi menjadi perhatian utama penelitian baru-baru ini. Negara-negara dengan banyak laut, seperti Singapura dan China, mengalami pertumbuhan ekonomi yang luar biasa. Kesimpulan, meskipun perdagangan maritim membantu pertumbuhan ekonomi global, tetapi membutuhkan kebijakan dan pendekatan yang berkelanjutan untuk mendukung kemajuan teknologi. Untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan dan meningkatkan efisiensi logistik semua pemangku kepentingan harus bekerja sama, investasi dalam infrastruktur pelabuhan dan teknologi hijau.
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