HUBUNGAN HIPERTENSI DENGAN KEJADIAN PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER (PJK) : SUATU TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v6i1.6874Keywords:
Coronary Heart Disease, Hipertensi, Observational Studies, Risk Factor, Systematic ReviewAbstract
Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama yang dapat dimodifikasi untuk penyakit jantung koroner (PJK), berkontribusi pada beban kardiovaskular global. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan mengevaluasi hubungan hipertensi dengan kejadian PJK pada dewasa berdasarkan bukti terkini. Tinjauan sistematis kualitatif mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020, mencari di PubMed, Google Scholar, dan jurnal nasional (2020-2024) menggunakan istilah Boolean untuk studi observasional (kohort, kasus-kontrol, cross-sectional). Populasi adalah studi analitik pada dewasa ≥18 tahun; sampel akhir tiga studi dari 186 catatan (148 pasca-duplikat, 16 teks lengkap dinilai). Instrumen meliputi kerangka PICO dan kriteria inklusi/eksklusi ketat; analisis sintesis kualitatif karakteristik studi, definisi, dan ukuran efek (OR/RR/HR). Hasil menunjukkan asosiasi signifikan konsisten: HR disesuaikan=1,78 (95% CI: 1,45–2,18; Li et al., 2023), RR=1,92 (95% CI: 1,36–2,71; Rutler et al., 2021), OR=2,34 (95% CI: 1,41–3,89, p<0,001; Jiheny et al., 2022). Kesimpulannya, hipertensi secara independen meningkatkan risiko PJK, menekankan pengendalian tekanan darah untuk pencegahan.
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