Logika Iluminasi Suhrawardi Al-Maqtul Sebagai Kerangka Pengembangan Epistemologi Islam

Abstract

This article examines Suhrawardi al-Maqtul’s illuminative logic (manṭiq al-ishrāqī) as a framework for developing Islamic epistemology amid contemporary debates questioning the scientific legitimacy of Islamic sciences. In modern discourse, knowledge derived from revelation, intuition, and metaphysics is often regarded as unscientific or pseudo-scientific due to its perceived incompatibility with public rationality. Employing a qualitative library research method with a philosophical-hermeneutic approach, this study explores Suhrawardi’s critique of Peripatetic representational epistemology and his concept of al-‘ilm al-ḥuḍūrī as the foundation of genuine knowledge. The study finds that Suhrawardi does not reject reason and logic but repositions them as methodological instruments for articulating and legitimizing illuminative knowledge within an intersubjective and discursive framework. Consequently, illuminative logic provides an integrative epistemological model that enables revelation-based Islamic sciences to be articulated within the public academic sphere without reducing their transcendental dimension. This article contributes to contemporary Islamic epistemology by offering a non-reductionist paradigm capable of addressing the challenges of modern scientific and philosophical discourse.