Kajian Kimia Medisinal Senyawa Asam Klorogenat sebagai Agen Antidiabetik: Tinjauan Struktur, Mekanisme dan Aktivitas Biologis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i2.254Keywords:
Asam klorogenat, pengobatan, diabetes mellitusAbstract
Diabetes mellitus adalah penyakit metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah akibat gangguan sekresi atau kerja insulin. Pengobatan farmakologis jangka panjang terhadap diabetes sering menyebabkan efek samping, sehingga diperlukan terapi alternatif yang lebih aman, salah satunya dengan menggunakan senyawa alami seperti asam klorogenat. Asam klorogenat adalah senyawa fenolik yang dihasilkan dari proses esterifikasi antara asam kafeat dan asam kinat. Struktur asam klorogenat mengandung gugus hidroksil, karboksil, dan o-difenol yang berperan penting dalam aktivitas biologisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau efektivitas asam klorogenat dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan memperbaiki parameter metabolik lain pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dari berbagai jurnal nasional dan internasional yang diterbitkan dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asam klorogenat memiliki aktivitas antidiabetes melalui mekanisme penghambatan glukosa-6-fosfatase dan aktivasi jalur AMPK. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, asam klorogenat berpotensi menjadi terapi yang aman dan efektif untuk diabetes mellitus.
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