Pengaruh Pola Konsumsi Makanan Ultra-Proses terhadap Risiko Obesitas pada Anak Sekolah Dasar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i2.2519Keywords:
Makanan Ultra-Proses, Obesitas Anak, Pola Makan, Sekolah DasarAbstract
Obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar semakin meningkat secara global, termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor risiko yang mendapat perhatian adalah konsumsi makanan ultra-proses (ultra-processed foods/UPFs), seperti makanan cepat saji, minuman manis kemasan, dan camilan tinggi gula-garam-lemak.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pola konsumsi makanan ultra-proses terhadap risiko obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar.
Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada 120 siswa kelas 4–6 di tiga SD di Kota X. Data dikumpulkan melalui food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), pengukuran indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dan wawancara orang tua terkait kebiasaan makan anak. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Sebanyak 48,3% anak mengonsumsi makanan ultra-proses ≥4 kali/minggu, dan 21,7% dikategorikan obesitas. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara konsumsi UPFs tinggi dengan obesitas (p=0,003). Anak yang mengonsumsi UPFs ≥4 kali/minggu memiliki risiko obesitas 3,2 kali lebih tinggi (OR=3,21; 95% CI=1,54–6,70). Pola konsumsi makanan ultra-proses berpengaruh signifikan terhadap risiko obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar. Diperlukan edukasi gizi kepada orang tua dan sekolah untuk mengurangi konsumsi UPFs dan mendorong pola makan sehat.
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