Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kelengkapan Pemberian Imunisasi Dasar pada Anak di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kota Garo

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Immunization is an effort to provide immunity against infectious diseases in children. In Indonesia, especially at the Kota Garo Health Center, the success of basic immunization has not yet reached the target. This affects the future health of children. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the completeness of basic immunization in children in the working area of the Kota Garo Health Center. The research is quantitative, with a correlational study design and a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in the working area of the Kota Garo Health Center during May-June using accidental sampling, involving 167 mothers who have children aged 12-24 months. The instruments used were questionnaires on knowledge, family support, distance to health services, and completeness of immunization. The instruments had already been tested for reliability and validity. Analysis was carried out both univariately and bivariately, using the chi-square test. The study results found a relationship between mothers' knowledge (p=0.030), family support (p=0.030), and distance to health services (p=0.000) with children's basic immunization completeness. It is suggested that health centers improve mothers' knowledge and provide health services that are more easily accessible.

ABSTRAK

Imunisasi adalah usaha memberikan kekebalan terhadap penyakit infeksi pada anak. Di Indonesia terkhusus Puskesmas Kota Garo keberhasilan imunisasi dasar belum mencapai target. Hal ini mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan anak ke depannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kota Garo. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, desain penelitian korelasional, dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, penelitian dilakukan di wilayaah kerja Puskesmas Kota Garo, selama bulan Mei-Juni menggunakan Acciddental Samples, dengan 167 Ibu yang memiliki anak usia 12-24 bulan. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga, jarak akses pelayanan kesehatan, dan kelengkapan imunisasi. Instrumen sudah dilakukan uji realibel dan validitas. Analisa dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat, menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hubungan antara pengetahuan Ibu (p=0.030), dukungan keluarga (p=0.030), dan jarak akses pelayanan kesehatan (p=0.000) terhadap kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak. Disarankan kepada Puskesmas agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan Ibu, dan memberikan akses pelayanan kesehatan yang dapat dijangkau lebih baik.