Analisis Semantik Leksikal pada Puisi “Yang Fana Adalah Waktu” Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono

Abstract

This study aims to describe the lexical meaning of the poem “Yang Fana Adalah Waktu” by Sapardi Djoko Damono and to explain the relationship of meaning between the lexicons contained therein in depth and comprehensively. The method used is descriptive qualitative by applying library study techniques. The main data in the form of words, phrases, and lines from the poem were collected, classified, and analyzed through four systematic stages, namely identification of basic meaning, classification of types of meaning, interpretation of poetic context, and drawing scientific conclusions supported by theoretical triangulation. The results of the study indicate that there are ten main lexicons that are the core of forming the meaning of the entire poem, namely fana, waktu, kita, abadi, memungut, detik, merangkai, bunga, lupa, and bukan. The lexical and denotative meanings of these words are proven to develop into connotative meanings that are full of aesthetic and philosophical values, such as the lexicon "kita" which symbolizes humans universally and "bunga" as a symbol of the temporary beauty of life. In addition, the analysis also found the existence of inter-lexical meaning relations in the form of antonyms, hyponyms, and associations that strengthen the cohesion and unity of meaning in the poetic text. The conclusion of this study confirms that the poem conveys a deep existential reflection on the transience of time, the importance of appreciating every moment of life, and human efforts to immortalize their life experiences. The lexical semantic approach proved very effective in revealing the layers of meaning of the poem in detail, starting from the dictionary level to complex poetic symbolism.