Simatupang, J. ., Situmorang, E. R. ., & Hutapea, R. H. . (2026). The Digital Business Ecosystem and Its Implications for Local-Based Tourism Development in North Tapanuli. Journal of Innovative and Creativity (Joecy), 6(1), 14583–14590. https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v6i1.8823